Nanotechnology-Integrated Orodispersible Tablets: A Compendious Study of Formulation Strategies, Nanocarrier Systems, and Emerging Perspectives
Abstract
Orodispersible tablets (ODTs) disintegrate in the oral cavity within 30–60 s without water, offering decisive patient-compliance advantages for paediatric, geriatric, and dysphagic populations.Despite growing clinical relevance, conventional ODT formulations remain constrained by poor aqueous solubility of Biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) Class II/IV drugs, inadequate taste masking, and mechanical fragility. Integrating nanotechnology into ODT platforms addresses these limitations concurrently: nanoscale particle-size reduction accelerates dissolution and raises saturation solubility, while nano encapsulation enables taste masking, controlled release, and pre-gastric absorption. This expanded review systematically examines seven nanocarrier systems — drug nanocrystals, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), polymeric nanoparticles, cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, liposomes, and solidified self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SNEDDS),alongside five manufacturing methodologies, three structured comparative tables, and dedicated analyses of quality control, therapeutic application domains, and international regulatory frameworks (FDA, EMA, PMDA). Emerging frontiers, including three-dimensional (3D) printing, artificial-intelligence (AI)-assisted formulation design, mucoadhesive nano-ODTs, and green nanotechnology, are evaluated as priority research directions. The global ODT market, projected to reach USD 18 billion by…
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