Systematic Review of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli among Urinary Tract Infection Patients: Evidence from 5 years
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a major global health concern. As antibiotic resistance increases, the effectiveness of antibiotics against bacterial infections decreases, which can lead to treatment failure and increased infection rates. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide, and
Escherichia coli
is one of the major bacterial causes of UTI. Understanding antibiotic resistance and multidrug resistance (MDR) among
E. coli
isolates is therefore important. The aim of this systematic review was to assess antibiotic resistance patterns and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant
Escherichia coli
isolated from UTI patients over a 5-year period. PubMed and Europe PMC were searched using specific keywords related to
E. coli
, urinary tract infection, antibiotic resistance, and multidrug resistance. Studies were screened according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 398 papers were retrieved, of which six studies were included in the systematic review. The prevalence of MDR
E. coli
ranged from 23.3% to 87.8% among the included studies. Resistance varied considerably between studies and antibiotics. Higher resistance was reported for several commonly tested antibiotics, including ampicillin, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in some study populations. In contrast, lower resistance was reported for nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, amikacin, and…
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