Insights into Kinetics, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamics of Uranium Uptake onto Fir Sawdust
Abstract
Abstract In this study, fir sawdust was used to adsorb U(VI) from uranium-bearing wastewater. Batch experiments showed that the optimal pH for removal was 4.5, and equilibrium was reached within 120 min. The kinetics conformed to the pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemical adsorption as the rate-controlling step. The adsorption data fit the Langmuir isotherm well with a monolayer capacity of 148.81 mg g-1. FTIR, SEM-EDS, and XPS analyses revealed surface complexation and ion exchange as the dominant adsorption mechanisms, with hydroxyl, carboxyl, and carbonyl groups acting as the main active sites. Therefore, fir sawdust holds good uranium removal potential, serving as a promising biosorbent that simultaneously achieves waste resource recycle and radioactive wastewater treatment.
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