Geometry-controlled effects of circular and semi-circular laser textures on the tribological behavior of G13Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2 bearing steel
Abstract
Abstract This study investigates the influence of texture geometry on the tribological performance of G13Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2 bearing steel by comparing circular and semi-circular laser textures with nearly identical projected areas and depths. The textures were fabricated using ultraviolet femtosecond laser processing, and their tribological behaviors were evaluated through ball-on-disk tests under dry sliding and PAO6 lubrication conditions. Surface morphology, wear characteristics and elemental distributions were analyzed by three-dimensional profilometry and SEM–EDS, while a thin-film lubrication model was developed to clarify the geometric effect on local pressure generation. Under PAO6 lubrication at 30 N, the semi-circular texture achieved the lowest friction coefficient 0.11–0.13 and specific mass wear rate 2.98 × 10⁻⁷ g·N⁻¹·m⁻¹. Compared with the circular texture, the semi-circular geometry exhibited improved debris accommodation, reduced ploughing damage and enhanced texture-edge integrity. Numerical analysis revealed that the asymmetric geometry generated stronger local positive-pressure responses, promoting lubricant redistribution and load support. These findings demonstrate that texture asymmetry provides an effective strategy for improving lubricated tribological performance by integrating lubricant retention, debris management and pressure regulation.
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