Application of ESEM/Eds to Pharmaceutical Synthesis
Abstract
Abstract Solid phase synthesis (SPS) is used for the discovery and optimization of biologically active substances for the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. Large numbers of novel organic compounds are generated by successively adding functional groups onto a solid substrate - usually polystyrene. Several techniques have been applied to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of these polymer-bound compounds with varying success. Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS) offers a unique approach to the qualitative analysis of SPS resins. Heteroatoms (such as Cl, Br, and S) are added either as a part of the synthesis or as a marker for analysis. Heavier atoms, such as these, are easily detected by EDS. The advantages of EDS are speed, sensitivity, and small required weight of the sample. The advantages of the ESEM are that it eliminates the need for a conductive coating and the vacuum conditions are not as severe on the specimen as with a conventional SEM.
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