Financial incentives for maintaining postpartum smoking abstinence: 3-4-year follow-up of the Financial Incentives for Prevention of Postpartum Return to Smoking (FIPPS) randomised controlled trial
Abstract
Background and aims: We followed up a financial incentives trial aimed at maintaining smoking cessation postpartum, which showed some positive effects at one year, to assess sustained abstinence at 3-4 years postpartum.
Design, setting and participants: Secondary analysis of longer-term outcomes of a pragmatic, multi-centre, three-arm randomized controlled trial, recruiting 462 postpartum women in England, aged ≥16 years, having stopped smoking during pregnancy with financial incentives, validated as abstinent at end of pregnancy or early postpartum.
Interventions: (1) usual care (UC); (2) UC plus up to £60 of voucher incentives offered to participants and £60 offered to significant-other supporters, over 3 months postpartum, contingent upon validated abstinence ('3-months incentives'); or (3) UC plus '3-months incentives' plus £180 of vouchers offered to participants over 9 months postpartum (leading to a maximum of £240 of incentives for participants, plus £60 for significant others), contingent upon validated abstinence ('12-months incentives'). Participants who did not achieve sustained abstinence at one year were included as non-abstainers but were not followed-up.
Measurements: Primary outcome: biochemically validated abstinence at 3-4 years postpartum. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.017 to account for multiple comparisons.
Findings: Among the full trial sample, 63% (289/462) of participants had self-reported smoking status at 3-4 years postpartum; 19%…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 462 participants or records.
Read the paper
Related studies
- The Matrisome: In Silico Definition and In Vivo Characterization by Proteomics of Normal and Tumor Extracellular Matrices
- The Escherichia coli MG1655 in silico metabolic genotype: Its definition, characteristics, and capabilities
- In silico pharmacology for drug discovery: methods for virtual ligand screening and profiling
- In silico prediction of splice-altering single nucleotide variants in the human genome
- In silico clinical trials: how computer simulation will transform the biomedical industry
- In silico optimization of a guava antimicrobial peptide enables combinatorial exploration for peptide design
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.