Association of Sleep Disruption With Daytime Sleepiness in Patients With Restless Legs Syndrome
Abstract
Background and Objectives Patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) often complain of nighttime hyperarousal which can be severe. Whether nocturnal hyperarousal is associated with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) remains understudied. This study aimed to compare the frequencies of self-reported and objective EDS between patients with RLS and controls, and to identify factors associated with EDS. Methods In this case-control study, consecutive untreated adult patients with moderate-to-severe RLS, and controls from the general population completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index, and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), at the Sleep Unit in Montpellier, France. International RLS study group severity scale (IRLSSQ) and RLS characteristics were recorded for patients. All patients and a subgroup of controls underwent a polysomnography (PSG) followed by multiple sleep latency test ([MSLT], abnormal latency 10 vs ≤ 10), (3) objective EDS (MSLT <8 minutes vs ≥ 8). Results We recruited 162 patients with RLS (mean age 55.9 ± 12.5 y.o., 55.6% female) and 321 controls (mean age 56.1 ± 15.0, 55.1% female, 59 with MSLT). Patients with RLS had more insomnia and depressive symptoms than controls. Self-reported EDS (odds ratios [OR] = 13.7, 95% CI = [8.5–22.1], p < 0.0001) and objective EDS (OR = 7.0, 95% CI = [1.6–30.3], p = 0.009) were more frequent in patients than controls, in crude and adjusted models. Among patients, self-reported EDS was associated…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case-control, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 162 participants or records.
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