Rare presentations of a common infection
Abstract
Dengue infection can present as dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The World Health Organization (WHO) has coined the term "expanded dengue syndrome" (EDS) for cases that do not fit into either DHF or DSS. These cases showcase unusual symptoms in various organs such as the cardiovascular system, nervous system, kidneys, gut, and hematological system, and are increasingly being reported as EDS. EDS is globally on the rise with unusual characteristics and greater severity. There are escalating reports of rare manifestations involving severe organ complications that are often overlooked. This case series compiles rare presentations of expanded dengue syndrome, providing crucial insights for early dengue diagnosis, especially during ongoing epidemics, which may be life saving.
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case series. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
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