Eating disorders in adolescents with functional seizures
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the occurrence rate of eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents with functional seizures (FS) and whether their co-occurrence is associated with specific demographic or clinical features.
METHODS: This was an observational, single-centered study spanning 15 years, including a study group of 10-19-year-old adolescents with FS and EDs and two control groups of subjects with (1) only FS and (2) only EDs. Group comparison and logistic regression analyses were conducted using retrieved demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data.
RESULTS: The study included 481 participants: 41 with FS and EDs, 262 with only FS, and 178 with only EDs. The occurrence rate of EDs in FS was 13.5 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 9.9-17.9 %), and in most (85 %) cases, the onset of EDs preceded that of FS (by 1.4 [95 % CI 1.1-2.4] years). A lower zBMI percentile increased the risk of having EDs by 2.2-fold [odds ratio 2.21 (95 % [CI 1.54-3.27], p < 0.001). Adolescents with FS and EDs were associated with significantly more cases of BN (p = 0.04) compared to adolescents with only EDs and with more depression, anxiety, substance abuse, a history of trauma, and suicidality when compared to either of the control groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Shared psychopathologies and risk factors underlie the co-occurrence of FS and EDs. EDs should be acknowledged as a psychiatric comorbidity with a high occurrence rate in adolescents with FS and should be screened for. If identified, treatment response may…
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