Validated strategies for screening for eating disorders in primary health care: A scoping review with a focus on adolescents and adults
Abstract
Eating disorders are serious, complex, and potentially chronic psychiatric conditions that affect millions of people worldwide. Primary health care plays a strategic role in the early identification and referral, helping to reduce complications, mortality, and health system burden. This scoping review aimed to map the available evidence on validated strategies for screening for eating disorders in adolescents and adults in primary care. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews, with a protocol registered in the Open Science Framework (doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/498FU). Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and gray literature in October 2024. Data selection and extraction were performed by peer reviewers, and findings were synthesized narratively, with tables and figures. Of 2977 documents and 159 full texts assessed, 77 studies met the eligibility criteria, including 56 empirical and 21 nonempirical studies. Eleven validated screening instruments were identified, most frequently the SCOFF followed by the EDE-Q. Most studies used self-administered instruments before the consultation, with completion times ranging from 30 seconds to 15 minutes. Implementation strategies commonly involved the provision of materials and training for health professionals.…
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