Silicon Nitride Bioceramics with TiC Additives: Excellent Mechanical Properties, Cytocompatibility, and Antibacterial Properties
Abstract
Silicon nitride is a type of bioceramic with great application potential. However, the brittleness of silicon nitride can be addressed through toughening. In this study, various proportions of TiC were incorporated into the sintering additive system to explore the effects of different amounts of TiC on the mechanical properties, cell compatibility, and antibacterial properties of silicon nitride. Silicon nitride was prepared by gas pressure sintering, with TiC addition amounts of 3%, 5%, 8%, and 13% wt. Among the four types of silicon nitride, the mechanical properties of silicon nitride with 3% and 5% wt TiC addition were improved, with the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the former being 571 MPa and 8.35 MPa·m1/2, respectively, and the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the latter being 532 MPa and 8.53 MPa·m1/2, respectively. The surface of all four types of silicon nitride was enriched with Ti as the amount of TiC added increased, and the surface properties of the four silicon nitrides were the same. All four types of silicon nitride could continuously release Si ions in liquid. In vitro cell experiments showed that all four types of silicon nitride could enable normal cell proliferation and adhesion. Silicon nitride with different TiC addition amounts all exhibited good cell compatibility. Compared with the control material, each of the four types of silicon nitride demonstrated robust antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and…
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