Superparamagnetic MnFe2O4@Fe2O3 lipid-coated small nanoparticles: Synthesis, physicochemical characterization and biocompatibility assessment in drosophila melanogaster
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), particularly manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4), have emerged as promising candidates for biomedical applications due to their tunable magnetic properties, biocompatibility, and functionalization potential. In this study, we synthesized superparamagnetic MnFe2O4@Fe2O3 core-shell nanoparticles (5.8 nm inorganic core, ∼10 nm lipid-coated) functionalized with oleic acid (OA) or soy lecithin (Lec) to enhance biocompatibility. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to combine this unique hybrid core-shell structure with lipid coatings and evaluate its safety in an animal model. To characterize the MNPs we provided structural, magnetic, and physical-chemistry studies using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), magnetization hysteresis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements. To assess acute and chronic nanotoxicity, fruit flies from parental and F1 generations were fed a diet containing MNPs at concentrations of 0.0, 0.1, and 1.0 mg/mL, and were evaluated throughout all developmental stages. The findings revealed that the MNPs showed no signs of toxicity at any of the concentrations tested. We combined hybrid core-shell superparamagnetic nanoparticles with organic lipid-coated that exhibit unique physicochemical characteristics, confirming their low in vivo nanotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster and supporting their…
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