Effect of nano silica concentration and oil/water interactions on the rheological properties and performance of synthesized preformed particle gels for water shut-off
Abstract
Production of excess undesirable brine, is one of the severe problems in highly heterogeneous and fractured oil reservoirs which are under water based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods. Recently, preformed particle gels (PPGs) are proposed and used as a diverting agent to control the conductivity of the fractures. Although numerous studies in the literature report improved structural strength and rheological properties of PPGs in the presence of silica nanoparticles (SNP), the possible effect of SNP concentration on such results have not been investigated in details. In addition the effect of rheological parameters such as structural strength and elastic/viscous modulus on the flow dynamics of the secondary water injection (after replacement of the PPG in the fractures) are less studied and rarely visualized. Furthermore, the possible effect of the presence of water soluble fractions (WSF) of the crude oil in the brine (due to long term interactions between formation water and crude oil) on swelling of particles and strength of the PPG samples are overlooked in most cases. With this aim, in the first step of the present research, four PPG samples with different concentrations of SNP were synthesized and assessed through different bulk and rheological tests. Bulk tests showed that presence of the SNP increases the swelling capacity of the samples, since the gel particles containing 0.4 wt% SNP had the better swelling factor (e.g., 25 in 100 times diluted sea water, 100xdSW)…
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