In vitro study: Bond strength, electrochemical and biocompatibility evaluations of TiO2/Al2O3 reinforced hydroxyapatite sol–gel coatings on 316L SS
Abstract
Abstract To improve the biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of 316L SS (Stainless Steel) metal implants, HAp(hydroxyapatite)/TiO2/Al2O3 nanocomposite coating was created using dip sol-gel method sintered at 550 °C. The weight percentage of TiO2+ Al2O3 in these coatings was 20, 30, and 40% wt. In this study, characterization was performed using FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), XRD, FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope), EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy), DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering), Pull-off, and AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) analysis. The potentiodynamic polarization and EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) were performed in the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. The samples were immersed in SBF solution for 28 days to investigate the ability to form a bone-like layer on the coatings. The amount of calcium and phosphate in the SBF solution and on the coating surface was measured. The MTT assay was performed to examine human MG63 cells viability for various coatings (24 and 72 h). The results showed that the HAp/TiO2/Al2O3 reinforced coatings have the lowest cracks and porosity and have the highest bond strength to the 316L SS substrate (26.5 MPa). Also, the lowest corrosion current density is related to nanocomposite coatings (HAp + 40%wt Al2O3 + TiO2:0.091 μA/cm2), which is pretty low compared to the uncoated substrate (40.35 μA/cm2) or HAp coating (25.26 μA/cm2). The EIS test results showed that in Nyquist curves, the…
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