Spectrum of pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance in cystitis, pyelonephritis, and prostatitis
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary tract account for approximately 42% of all outpatient urology cases, and disorders such as cystitis, pyelonephritis, and prostatitis are often characterized by a chronic, recurrent course. One of the key contributors to recurrent urinary tract infections is inappropriate therapy that does not take into account the local microbial spectrum and pathogen resistance profiles.
AIM: To determine the spectrum of uropathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in patients with cystitis, pyelonephritis, and prostatitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the results of microbiological urine cultures from outpatient urology patients processed by the Invitro Laboratory between 2022 and 2024. In total, 4031 bacterial isolates were included: 2903 (72.0%) from patients with cystitis, 1017 (25.2%) from patients with pyelonephritis, and 111 (2.8%) from patients with chronic prostatitis.
RESULTS: The structure of the microbial landscape differed by diagnosis. E. coli was the predominant pathogen in all groups, with a detection rate of 73.8-75.3% in cystitis and pyelonephritis, while in chronic prostatitis the rate was markedly lower at 53.1%. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis were more frequently isolated in prostatitis (19.0% and 15.3%, respectively) compared with urinary infections, where their combined frequency ranged from 6.9% to 11.9%. Other pathogens (Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus…
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