Aluminum-Adsorbed Vaccines and Chronic Diseases in Childhood : A Nationwide Cohort Study
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Aluminum is used as an adjuvant in nonlive vaccines administered in early childhood. Concerns persist about potential associations between vaccination with aluminum-adsorbed vaccines and increased risk for chronic autoimmunity, atopy or allergy, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Large-scale safety data remain limited.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the association between cumulative aluminum exposure from early childhood vaccination and risk for autoimmune, atopic or allergic, and neurodevelopmental disorders.
DESIGN
A cohort study linking nationwide registry data on childhood vaccinations, outcome diagnoses, and potential confounders, leveraging the variations in the aluminum content of childhood vaccines over time.
SETTING
Denmark, 1997 to 2020.
PARTICIPANTS
1 224 176 children born in Denmark between 1997 and 2018 who were alive and residing in the country at age 2 years.
INTERVENTION
Cumulative aluminum amount received (per 1-mg increase) through vaccination during the first 2 years of life.
MEASUREMENTS
Incident events of 50 chronic disorders, including autoimmune (dermatologic, endocrinologic, hematologic, gastrointestinal, and rheumatic), atopic or allergic (asthma, atopic dermatitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and allergy), and neurodevelopmental (autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder).
RESULTS
Cumulative aluminum exposure from vaccination during the first 2 years of life was not associated with increased rates of any of the 50 disorders…
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