Ondansetron (Zofran) for Pediatric Gastroenteritis
Abstract
1 in 4 was helped (cessation of vomiting within 1 hour) 1 in 15 was helped (avoided immediate hospitalization) 25% higher chance of vomiting cessation within 1 hour 6.7% lower rate of immediate hospitalization Gastroenteritis is a common disease in children that presents predominantly with vomiting and diarrhea. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), it accounts for 220,000 hospitalizations in the United States.1 Vomiting and diarrhea, in combination with decreased oral intake, can lead to dehydration. Ondansetron (an antiemetic) has been increasingly used in the pediatric population to help reduce the vomiting and hopefully decrease the risk for dehydration in the child. This review is an update of a previous evidence-based review published on TheNNT.com.2 The most recent systematic review on ondansetron use in pediatric gastroenteritis was published in 2016.3 This systematic review included 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling 1,215 patients diagnosed with gastroenteritis in aggregate with ages ranging from 3 months to 15 years. Two of the 10 trials were carried out in hospitalized patients. The remaining eight trials were conducted in emergency departments (EDs). The trials took place in India, Iran, Thailand, Turkey, Venezuela, and the United States. The trials included children with vomiting due to acute gastroenteritis who were randomized to ondansetron (administered orally or intravenously [IV]), placebo, or no intervention. The…
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