Hematemesis as debut of eosinophilic gastroenteritis in infants
Abstract
diarrhoea and immune dysregulation syndrome. It was first described as a distinct entity in 1982 by Walker-Smith et al. in a boy aged 9 years, although McCarthy et al. had already described the clinical picture in a boy with IgA deficiency in 1978. It manifests with chronic and intractable diarrhoea in infants following an uncomplicated gestation and neonatal period. Cases with onset in adolescence and adulthood have also been described. It is generally believed to predominantly affect males, but Singhi et al. found a similar prevalence in both sexes in a large case series that was published recently. The differential diagnosis must include diarrhoea of infectious or allergic aetiology and other, less frequent diseases such as microvillus inclusion disease or intestinal epithelial dysplasia. The pathogenesis of AIE is unknown. It has been hypothesised that it involves changes in T cell activation, but larger studies are required to elucidate the exact underlying mechanisms. The presence of anti-enterocyte antibodies is not a specific finding, as they are also detected in other conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, HIV infection and allergic enteropathy. Furthermore, the antibody titre is not correlated to the degree of mucosal damage. An association with other autoimmune disorders of the endocrine system, lung, liver, blood or other systems is frequently found in these patients, as was the case in our series. Immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a case series, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
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