Incidence of Post-Sedation Emesis in Cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) and Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) Macaques, and Evaluation of Prophylactic Antiemetic Efficacy
Abstract
Emesis is one of the most common side effects of ketamine sedation; however, predictors like species and sex have not been studied in macaques. This study aimed to determine the incidence and predictors of emesis in macaques undergoing ketamine sedation and to assess the efficacy of orally administered antiemetics in preventing emesis. A retrospective analysis was performed using medical records from rhesus and cynomolgus macaques who received ketamine sedation for veterinary examination events from August 2023 to April 2024. Among the 70 sedations performed using IM ketamine, the overall incidence of emesis was 26%. Cynomolgus macaques had a significantly higher risk of emesis (odds ratio (OR) 46.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 7.08–493.9; p < 0.0001), with an emesis incidence of 55%. Females showed a higher incidence of emesis (75%) with an odds ratio of 3.72 (95% CI: 0.55–17.91; p = 0.24), though this difference was not statistically significant. In a prospective, randomized study, we compared the prophylactic use of oral maropitant citrate at a dose of 2 mg/kg or oral ondansetron at a dose of 1 mg/kg versus placebo for the prevention of emesis in cynomolgus macaques undergoing veterinary examination. Emesis was reduced from 58% in the control group to 50% in the maropitant group and 33% in the ondansetron group. However, the reduction in relative risk with either treatment did not reach statistical significance. Prophylactic oral administration of maropitant appears…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Patient-Centered Pharmaceutical Design to Improve Acceptability of Medicines: Similarities and Differences in Paediatric and Geriatric Populations
- Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for irritable bowel syndrome 2020
- Phase 2b Study of Pimodivir (JNJ-63623872) as Monotherapy or in Combination With Oseltamivir for Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Seasonal Influenza A: TOPAZ Trial
- Gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID-19
- COVID-19 and Gastrointestinal Disease: Implications for the Gastroenterologist
- Persistent gut barrier damage and commensal bacterial influx following eradication of Giardia infection in mice
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.