Detection and analysis of illegally added sildenafil and its analogues in dietary supplements
Abstract
To develop a rapid screening method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for the identification and quantification of illegally added phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and a tadalafil analog in dietary supplements. Method sensitivity, accuracy, precision, and matrix effects were evaluated. Satisfactory linearity was obtained over 0.8–80.0 μg/mL, with coefficients of determination (r2) of 0.9968–0.9980. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.01 μg/mg and 0.02 μg/mg, respectively. Across three spiking levels (0.8, 8.0, and 80.0 μg/mL), recoveries ranged from 87.3% to 102.4%, with relative standard deviations not exceeding 7.5%. Among 50 commercial dietary supplements, sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, and acetaminotadalafil were detected at concentrations of 0.001–22.5 mg/dose. The method provides high sensitivity, good repeatability, and satisfactory selectivity for preliminary screening and quantification of the validated target analytes in dietary supplements.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Understanding and treating ejaculatory dysfunction in men with diabetes mellitus
- An Eco-Friendly Solid-State Electrode Modified With ZnO Nanoparticles Decorated With MWCNT as an Electrochemical Sensor for the Determination of Avanafil in Pure Form, Dosage Form and Human Plasma
- Combinations of Freeze-Dried Amorphous Vardenafil Hydrochloride with Saccharides as a Way to Enhance Dissolution Rate and Permeability
- Return to Sport, Reinjury Rate, and Tissue Changes after Muscle Strain Injury: A Narrative Review
- 875: High Prevalence of Significant Comorbid Conditions in Men with Erectile Dysfunction: Momentus Trial Demonstrates Efficacy and Safety of Tadalafil in this Group
- Safety and efficacy of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors in fetal growth restriction: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.