Efficacy and safety of green-lipped mussel powder supplementation in adults with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease associated with pain, functional limitation, and reduced quality of life. Although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are widely prescribed, long-term use is limited by safety concerns. Green-lipped mussel powder (GLMP) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects in preclinical studies. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of GLMP supplementation in adults with knee OA. Adults aged 40–75 years with symptomatic radiographic knee OA were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive GLMP (1,000 mg/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Assessments occurred at baseline, week 6, and week 12. The primary endpoint was change in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) total score. Secondary endpoints were WOMAC subscales (pain, stiffness, physical function), visual analog scale (VAS) pain, and inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein [CRP], erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]). The per-protocol (PP) set included 93 participants (GLMP, 47; placebo, 46); the intention-to-treat (ITT) set included 100. A total of 100 participants were randomized and included in the ITT population, and 93 completed the study and were included in the PP population. In the PP analysis, GLMP resulted in greater improvement in WOMAC total score at week 12 than placebo (between-group difference − 3.66; 95% CI − 6.87 to − 0.45; p = 0.032). Significant between-group differences were also…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design. Reported size: 100 participants or records.
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