Inactivated mycobacterium paragordonae delivered via microneedle patches as a novel tuberculosis booster vaccine
Abstract
ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge with approximately 8.2 million new cases reported in 2023, despite the century-old Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. BCG’s protective efficacy diminishes over time, especially against pulmonary TB in adults. This study evaluates ethanol-inactivated Mycobacterium paragordonae (M.pg) delivered via Microneedle Array Patches (MAPs) as a novel booster strategy to enhance BCG vaccination efficacy. Various inactivation methods including heat treatment, formalin, and ethanol were compared, with ethanol-inactivated M.pg selected for optimal preservation of morphology and immunologically significant proteins. MAPs were fabricated using the droplet extension technique (DEN). Immunological assessment was conducted in a mouse model receiving either BCG alone or BCG followed by one or two administrations of inactivated M.pg MAP. Protective efficacy was evaluated through M. tuberculosis H37Rv challenge. Ethanol inactivation uniquely preserved morphology and maintained protein integrity, particularly Ag85B. Two administrations of inactivated M.pg following BCG priming significantly enhanced protective immune responses compared to BCG alone, inducing strong Th1-polarized immunity characterized by elevated IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2 production in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This vaccination strategy effectively generated effector memory T cells in lung and spleen, contributing to significant reduction in bacterial…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Antioxidant efficacy and the upregulation of Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression by (+)-lariciresinol, a lignan isolated from Rubia philippinensis, through the activation of p38
- Anti-influenza virus activity of green tea by-products in vitro and efficacy against influenza virus infection in chickens
- Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury
- The intratumoral administration of ferucarbotran conjugated with doxorubicin improved therapeutic effect by magnetic hyperthermia combined with pharmacotherapy in a hepatocellular carcinoma model
- Enhanced anticancer efficacy of TRAIL-conjugated and odanacatib-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in TRAIL resistant cancer
- In vivo tracking of bioorthogonally labeled T-cells for predicting therapeutic efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.