Synergistic Anti-Obesity Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Q180 and Phaeodactylum tricornutum (CKDB-322) in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice
Abstract
Obesity and associated metabolic disorders are rising globally, necessitating effective dietary strategies. CKDB-322, a formulation containing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Q180 and Phaeodactylum tricornutum, was evaluated for anti-obesity efficacy using in vitro adipocyte differentiation and in vivo high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse models. In 3T3-L1 cells, CKDB-322 suppressed adipogenesis by downregulating PPARγ and C/EBPα and enhancing glycerol release. In mice, 8 weeks of oral administration—particularly at the CKDB-322-M dose—significantly reduced body weight gain, adiposity, and serum glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels without affecting liver function. Gene expression analysis revealed the strong inhibition of lipogenic markers (SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS) in addition to activation of the fatty acid oxidation (CPT-1α and PPARα) and energy metabolism (PGC-1α and AMPK) pathways, with the most pronounced effects in the CKDB-322-M group, which also exhibited the greatest reduction in leptin. These molecular effects were confirmed histologically by decreased adipocyte hypertrophy and ameliorated hepatic steatosis. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CKDB-322 exerts lipid-modulatory effects through multiple pathways, supporting its potential as a novel functional dietary ingredient for obesity and metabolic disorder prevention.
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