Protective and Antioxidant Effects of Quercetin Loaded Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L) Seed Oil-Based Nanoemulsion in Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: An Experimental Study
Abstract
Quercetin (Qu) is a type of plant flavonoid that has been demonstrated to possess anti-proliferative properties, making it a potentially beneficial agent in the treatment of prostate hyperplasia. Additionally, Nigella sativa seed oil (NSO) has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of quercetin (Qu) in combination with a nanoemulsion derived from Nigella sativa seed oil (Qu-NSO) on a rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The study employed a rat model of BPH, whereby testosterone enanthate (5 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously to induce the condition. The rats were then treated with various interventions, including Qu (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg), NSO, and Qu-NSO (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg), with a total volume of 0.5 ml administered orally. This allowed for an assessment of the effects of Qu-NSO. The self-nanoemulsified drug delivery system was prepared using NSO, coconut oil, Tween 80, and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG). The globule size and zeta potential of the formed vesicles were determined. Investigations were conducted on the rat model to examine the effects of the treatments on dihydrotestosterone (DHT), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic weight and index, oxidant and antioxidant markers, and histopathology. The mean globule size for Qu-NSO was 171.9±10.9 nm, with a zeta potential value of +17.3 mV. The Qu-NSO treatment resulted in a 40%…
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