Re: Host Restriction of Escherichia coli Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Occurs in a Bacterial Strain-Specific Manner
Abstract
available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30543708 Editorial Comment: Escherichia coli are genetically diverse bacteria. Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are often caused by the same E. coli strain that caused the first infection, suggesting that a protective immune response may not develop in some patients. The authors found that 2 E. coli UTI strains behaved differently in a mouse model. The UTI89 strain could infect the bladder indefinitely, whereas the CFT073 strain was always cleared within 8 weeks. After mice had a CFT073 infection and antibiotic treatment they were protected from a CFT073 challenge infection but were susceptible to a UTI89 challenge infection. In contrast, mice with a UTI89 infection and antibiotic treatment were susceptible to recurrent UTIs when challenged with either strain. The authors found that depleting T cells, immune cells important for developing protection against infection, prevented mice from clearing the CFT073 infections and made them susceptible to recurrent CFT073 UTIs. Thus, while infection with one E. coli strain could trigger a protective immune response, another strain sidestepped this response. These findings shed new light on immune responses to UTIs and may be important for drug and vaccine development. Anthony Atala, MD Suggested Reading Jones-Carson J, Balish E and Uehling DT: Susceptibility of immunodeficient gene-knockout mice to urinary tract infection. J Urol 1999; 161: 338. Hopkins WJ, James LJ, Balish E…
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