Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Its Effect on Male Infertility
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is known to negatively impact male fertility. This can occur via various mechanisms. It can be due to the intrinsic enlargement of the prostate gland, inflammation of the prostate gland and its contiguous structures, as well as the treatment modalities of BPH. Most of the treatment options for LUTS due to BPH, both pharmacologic and surgical, are known to have significant sexual side effects and most importantly ejaculatory dysfunction. While ejaculatory dysfunction due to pharmacologic therapy is usually reversible on cessation of treatment, that attributable to surgical interventions is often permanent and irreversible. Some medications has been shown to directly or indirectly improve sperm parameters such as sperm count and concentration, motility, as well as morphology. Hormone mediating agents such as clomiphene citrate and antioxidant based supplements such as vitamins C, E, and D, as well as zinc and coenzyme Q10 have found a common use by most urologists. Some novel therapies are now used to treat BPH in a bid to mitigate the problem of infertility associated with common conventional treatment options and thus enhance the chances of spouse conception in these affected men, and a notable example today is the Urolift.
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