Physical health of patients with schizophrenia : findings from a health examination study
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia have an increased risk of comorbid somatic diseases compared to the general population. Their life expectancy is reduced by ca. 15 years, mostly due to premature deaths from physical conditions. Regular evaluation of physical health is recommended in the schizophrenia treatment guidelines. However, the overall picture of somatic problems emerging in a comprehensive health examination is not clear. This study investigated the range of somatic health care needs among Finnish outpatients with schizophrenia. In the study, a GP performed a comprehensive health examination of 275 patients. The structured examination consisted of a review of medical records, visit to a nurse, basic laboratory tests and measurements, assessment of the medical history and physical examination. The mean age of the participants was 45 years. Of the participants, 45% reported distressing somatic symptoms interfering with daily life, 81% received lifestyle counselling and 88% were in need of somatic interventions (i.e. additional treatment, examinations, monitoring, prescriptions). Obesity and smoking were associated with increased need for any type of somatic intervention. Of the participants, 59% were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Clozapine use doubled the risk for metabolic syndrome whereas regular physical activity reduced the risk. One in three of the participants had constipation and one in four had dyspepsia. Clozapine use was associated with a fivefold risk of…
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