Prevalence of Clostridium difficile and Salmonella spp in juvenile dogs with parvoviral enteritis and clinically healthy controls
Abstract
Background: Clostridium difficile (CD) is the most common cause of hospital-associated \ndiarrhoea in humans and Salmonellosis is a disease of major zoonotic importance. Canine \nparvovirus (CPV) is a potentially fatal cause of canine enteritis with a world-wide \ndistribution. Persistent isolation of Salmonella spp. during routine hospital environmental \nsurveys of the OVAH isolation ward, reserved for the treatment of CPV positive dogs, \nprompted investigation into a possible source. \nHypothesis: Juvenile dogs affected by CPV will have a higher prevalence of faecal \nClostridium difficile and Salmonella spp. compared to an apparently healthy juvenile cohort. \nAnimals: Seventy-four client-owned dogs infected with canine parvovirus and 42 apparently \nhealthy client-owned dogs. \nMethods: Prospective, longitudinal, observational study conducted at the Onderstepoort \nVeterinary Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, South Africa over an 18-month period. Fresh fecal samples were collected from dogs aged 6 weeks to 9 months that were \ndiagnosed with CPV and admitted for treatment, and from apparently healthy dogs \npresenting for vaccination or routine hospital procedures. CPV shedding was confirmed \nusing negative staining electron microscopy. Clostridium difficile was diagnosed using a \ncommercially-available faecal antigen enzyme immunoassay(EIA) for the detection of \nClostridium difficile-specific glutamate dehydrogenase and for enterotoxin TcdA and \ncytotoxin…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cohort study, done in people. Its evidence level is 3 of 5 (Moderate · trial / cohort / secondary analysis). Trials without a large randomized design, cohorts and secondary analyses give moderate evidence. Reported size: 32 participants or records.
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