Microbiome signatures of progression toward celiac disease onset in at-risk children in a longitudinal prospective cohort study
Abstract
Significance The incidence of chronic inflammatory autoimmune conditions, such as celiac disease (CD), is increasing at an alarming rate. CD is the only autoimmune condition for which the trigger, gluten, is known. However, its etiology and pathogenesis remain incompletely defined as recent studies suggest other environmental stimuli may play a key role in CD pathogenesis. Here, we prospectively examine the trajectory of the gut microbiota starting 18 mo before CD onset in 10 infants who developed CD and 10 infants who did not. We identified alterations in the gut microbiota, functional pathways, and metabolome before CD onset, suggesting our approach may be used for disease prediction with the ultimate goal of identifying early preventive interventions to reestablish tolerance and prevent autoimmunity. Other than exposure to gluten and genetic compatibility, the gut microbiome has been suggested to be involved in celiac disease (CD) pathogenesis by mediating interactions between gluten/environmental factors and the host immune system. However, to establish disease progression markers, it is essential to assess alterations in the gut microbiota before disease onset. Here, a prospective metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiota of infants at risk of CD was done to track shifts in the microbiota before CD development. We performed cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of gut microbiota, functional pathways, and metabolites, starting from 18 mo before CD onset, in 10…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 10 participants or records.
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