Prevalence of pneumonia among infants hospitalized with severe bronchiolitis in babylon province: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background: Bronchiolitis is a common cause of hospitalization in infancy. Pneumonia may occur among infants hospitalized with severe bronchiolitis, but data on its frequency remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pneumonia among infants hospitalized with severe bronchiolitis and assess its association with age, sex, feeding type, and weight status.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 children aged ≤2 years with severe bronchiolitis admitted to Babylon Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children, Babylon Province, from February 1 to April 1, 2026. Bronchiolitis was diagnosed clinically, while pneumonia was diagnosed based on clinical assessment and chest X-ray findings showing consolidation. Data on age, sex, feeding type, and body weight at admission were collected. Associations between pneumonia status and categorical variables were assessed using the chi-square test, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: Of the 220 infants with severe bronchiolitis, 90 (40.9%) were diagnosed with pneumonia and 130 (59.1%) were not. Most infants were younger than 6 months (65.0%), and 60.0% were male. Bottle feeding was the most common feeding type (55.0%), while 50.5% had low body weight. Pneumonia was not significantly associated with age group, sex , feeding type, or weight status.
Conclusion: Pneumonia was diagnosed in 40.9% of infants hospitalized with severe bronchiolitis. No significant associations were observed…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a cross-sectional, done in people. Its evidence level is 4 of 5 (Low · observational). Observational designs can show an association but not prove cause. Reported size: 220 participants or records.
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