The Distribution of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Carbapenem‐Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Academic Complex Central Hospital in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa: A 5‐Year Retrospective Study From 2019 to 2023
Abstract
Background Drug‐resistant pathogens are a global health concern. Of particular concern are methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and carbapenem‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), as they leave clinicians with limited treatment options. Aim This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of MRSA and CRPA at an academic referral hospital in KwaZulu‐Natal from January 2019 to December 2023. Method The hospital laboratory information system provided the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa . Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 21) was used to analyze data on the prevalence of MRSA and CRPA in the hospital over the past 5 years. Results This study identified 18% (249/1,409) prevalence of MRSA in 2019 to 18% (237/1,284) by 2023. Also, the prevalence of CRPA decreased from 15% (98/673) in 2019 to 14% (85/618) by 2023. MRSA isolates in this study exhibited over 50% resistance to gentamicin, erythromycin/azithromycin, clindamycin, and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. All the tested antibiotics (amikacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and piperacillin–tazobactam) against CRPA have been met by resistance of greater than 30%, except for 3% resistance to colistin. There was no statistically significant difference between females and males ( p = 0.135) and between intensive care unit (ICU) and non‐ICU wards ( p = 0.156). Conclusion The growing threat of MRSA and CRPA in hospitals highlights the…
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