β3‐Adrenoceptor Agonists for Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: Evidence and Clinical Rationale for First‐Line Therapy
Abstract
AIMS: To summarize current evidence on β3-adrenoceptor agonists for managing neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD), focusing on their efficacy, safety, and clinical role in optimizing bladder storage and protecting upper tracts. METHODS: Evidence from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and observational studies in spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple sclerosis (MS), and spina bifida populations was reviewed. Outcomes included bladder storage parameters, patient-reported measures, and cardiovascular and cognitive safety profiles. RESULTS: β3-adrenoceptor agonists such as Mirabegron improve cystometric capacity, reduce detrusor pressure, and enhance quality of life. A recent individual-patient meta-analysis confirmed these benefits. Early data on Vibegron in SCI and spina bifida show increased bladder compliance and capacity without new safety concerns. Cardiovascular safety signals are reassuring: one randomized trial in SCI/MS and a large multinational cohort both showed no excess risk. Observational studies continue to associate antimuscarinics with cognitive adverse effects, whereas β3-agonists demonstrate a more favorable tolerability profile. CONCLUSIONS: β3-adrenoceptor agonists represent a safe, effective, and well-tolerated first-line option in NLUTD management. They preserve bladder safety and continence with fewer systemic side effects. OnabotulinumtoxinA remains an important escalation therapy for refractory cases but carries higher procedural…
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Evidence Hub reads this as a randomized trial, done in people. Its evidence level is 2 of 5 (High · randomized trial). Randomized trials of a reasonable size are the strongest single-study design.
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