Antiurease Activity of Antibiotics: In Vitro, In Silico, Structure Activity Relationship, and MD Simulations of Cephalosporins and Fluoroquinolones
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Helicobacter pylori infection is widespread in 50% of the world’s population and is associated with gastric ulcers and related disorders that ultimately culminate in gastric cancer. Levofloxacin-based, or clarithromycin-based, triple therapy is frequently used to inhibit the bacterial urease enzyme for the eradication of H. pylori . A comprehensive investigation based on the urease inhibitory profiles of antibiotics and their computational implications is lacking in the scientific literature. The present study was aimed specifically to determine the antiurease activities within the realms of cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones by in vitro methods supported with in silico investigations. The results demonstrate the jack bean urease inhibitory activity of cephalosporins, wherein cefadroxil, cefpodoxime, cefotaxime, and cefaclor displayed inhibitions (IC 50 21.35 ± 0.64 to 62.86 ± 0.78 μM) compared with the standard thiourea (IC 50 21.25 ± 0.15 μM). Among fluoroquinolones, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and gemifloxacin (IC 50 7.24 ± 0.29 to 16.53 ± 0.85 μM) unveiled remarkable inhibitory profiles. Levofloxacin and ofloxacin exhibited competitive inhibition against the said enzyme. Ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin displayed weak urease inhibitions. During molecular docking studies, Asp362, Gly279, Arg338, Asn168, Asp223, Gln364, and Met366 were involved in hydrogen bonding in fluoroquinolones, and hydrogen bonding was established with…
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