Comparison of safety and efficacy of dapagliflozin and empagliflozin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in India
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 422 million people are suffering from diabetes worldwide. Most of the population is living in third world or developing countries, and about 2 million deaths are directly or indirectly caused by diabetes each year. Among the adult population of India, there are 73 million cases of diabetes1. “From 11.9 and 14.2% of adults in urban India have diabetes; in rural India, the prevalence is between 3.0 and 7.8%, with a much higher incidence among people over 50” (ICMR-INDIAB Study)2. The mechanism of action of novel antidiabetic drugs known as sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT-2) inhibitors differs significantly from those of traditional antidiabetic medications3. Anti-glucose reuptake inhibitors like SGLT-2 achieve their hypoglycemic effect by increasing glucose excretion in the urine. A medication that inhibits SGLT-2 would be perfect in her case because her kidneys reabsorb around 90% of the glucose they filter throughout the PCT process4. The FDA has so far approved canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin as drugs in this group5. Numerous studies have shown that SGLT-2 inhibitors have favorable effects on body weight (BW), blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver disease in addition to lowering the risk of hypoglycemia. Positive results from several clinical studies on the subject of cardiovascular (CV) and renal safety have been reported6,7. According to the current guidelines, SGLT-2 inhibitors should be used as second-line…
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