Association between sodium or salt intake and lower urinary tract symptoms: a systematic review
Abstract
Background: High sodium intake is associated with cardiovascular and kidney disease, as well as the development of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The amount of salt intake can influence the development of symptoms, but reduction may benefit patients by lowering the presentation of LUTS. However, there is a lack of systematization of evidence between salt intake and LUTS. Objectives: Determine the relationship between a high salt intake and LUTS, and the impact of salt intake reduction on the development of LUTS. Design: Systematic review. Data sources and methods: We included observational studies and clinical trials that assessed any clinical manifestations of LUTS and any method of measuring salt intake to establish a comparison between high and low salt intake. A search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Ovid-Medline, WOS, and Embase databases in February 2024, including studies published at any time until the date of the search. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and risk of bias in non-randomized studies of interventions. A qualitative synthesis of the included studies was performed, and a meta-analysis was not conducted due to the heterogeneity of how LUTS and salt intake were measured. Results: We obtained 3085 articles, from which 10 were included in this review. In regards to urinary incontinence and general LUTS, patients who had a salty diet had more frequency and severe symptoms according to the Overactive Bladder Symptom score (H:…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Urodynamics for Prostate Surgery Trial; Randomised Evaluation of Assessment Methods (UPSTREAM) for diagnosis and management of bladder outlet obstruction in men: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
- Invasive urodynamic studies for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men with voiding dysfunction
- Prostatic urethral lift for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Pharmacological Effects and Potential Clinical Usefulness of Polyphenols in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment with New Physiotherapeutic Device
- Effects of tadalafil once daily or on demand versus placebo on time to recovery of erectile function in patients after bilateral nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.