Sleep Health and Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Systematic Review
Abstract
PURPOSE
Emerging evidence suggests a close relationship between sleep health and female lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). However, available studies have focused on individual sleep disorders or specific urinary symptoms, and no systematic review has comprehensively evaluated this association in women.
METHODS
A systematic literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE was conducted to identify studies published between January 2020 and July 2026 investigating the association between sleep-related factors and female LUTS. Eligible studies evaluated adult women with one or more sleep disorders or sleep-related characteristics and reported outcomes related to overactive bladder (OAB), urinary incontinence (UI), nocturia, voiding dysfunction, or overall LUTS. Study selection followed the PRISMA 2020 statement. A qualitative synthesis was performed because of substantial methodological heterogeneity.
RESULTS
Twenty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The most consistent evidence supported associations between poor sleep quality, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and nocturia with female LUTS. Prospective evidence demonstrated that poor sleep quality increased the risk of incident LUTS, while population-based studies identified insomnia as an independent risk factor for nocturia. Women with OAB exhibited poorer sleep quality, greater daytime sleepiness, and a higher risk of OSA, while women with UI generally exhibited poorer sleep quality. Limited evidence also suggested associations…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a systematic review, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid.
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