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What Role Does the Central Nervous System Play in Refractory LUTS, and What Are the Therapeutic Implications? ICI‐RS 2025

M. D. de Rijk, Michel I. A. Wyndaele, A. Charrua, C. Fry, P. Abrams, G. van Koeveringe, A. Kanai, M. Drake

Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2025

Abstract

While many patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) improve by treating peripheral causes, a substantial proportion continue to experience symptoms despite apparently successful interventions. Central nervous system (CNS) mechanisms could potentially contribute to persisting symptoms after the initial peripheral cause has been treated. The aim of this paper is to explore how maladaptive CNS processes may underlie refractory LUTS and to consider the therapeutic and research implications.

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