Comparison of Cosmos caudatus extract and vitamin C effects on antioxidant response and bone metabolism in rats under high-intensity exercise-induced oxidative stress
Abstract
Purpose: High-intensity exercise increases oxidative stress, disrupts bone remodeling and accelerate bone loss. While vitamin C is commonly used to counteract these effects, high doses may act as pro-oxidants. Cosmos caudatus, a traditional herb rich in antioxidants, may serve as a natural alternative. In this study compared the effects of C. caudatus extract and vitamin C on oxidative stress and bone health in a rat model of exercise-induced oxidative stress.
Methods: Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (3-4 months old, 200-300 g) were divided into five groups (10-11 rats each). Group P1 received distilled water, whereas groups P2-P4 received C. caudatus extract at 0.91, 1.82, and 3.64 mg/0.5 mL/200 g BW. Group P5 was administered vitamin C at 9 mg/0.5 mL/200 g BW. Treatments were administered orally for 28 days. Rats underwent high-intensity swimming with an 18% BW load at 90% maximal swim time (T90), twice daily, three times weekly. Femoral and blood samples were collected for malondialdehyde (MDA), osteocalcin (OC), C-telopeptide (CTX), trabecular bone ratio, and bone cell analyses.
Results: MDA levels were significantly elevated across all groups (p = 0.007), particularly in the high-dose C. caudatus and vitamin C. However, trabecular bone ratio improved significantly in medium-dose Cosmos caudatus and vitamin C groups (p = 0.016).
Conclusion: These findings suggested that medium-dose C. caudatus supports bone integrity comparably to vitamin C and may exert…
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