Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor in the temporalis muscle causing tumor-induced osteomalacia: a case report and literature review
Abstract
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by renal phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, and impaired bone mineralization, primarily caused by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs). Due to the small size and non-specific clinical presentation, PMTs are often difficult to localize, resulting in delayed diagnosis. This study presents a case of a 54-year-old man who experienced a 2-year history of progressive polyarthralgia affecting the knees, hips, and lower back, which exacerbated over the past 3 months. Laboratory tests revealed hypophosphatemia, elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, and increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Moreover, a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan indicated low bone mineral density (BMD), while a whole-body bone scintigraphy revealed multiple rib pathological fractures, indicative of osteomalacia. Although serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) was not measured, the clinical and biochemical profiles were highly consistent with tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO). Subsequent Gallium-68 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane 1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid tyrosine-3-octreotate positron emission tomography/computed tomography (68Ga-DOTA-TATE) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) confirmed a hypermetabolic lesion in the left temporalis muscle. The lesion was completely resected, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of PMT, with positive immunostaining for special…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a case report, done in people. Its evidence level is 5 of 5 (Very low · case / narrative / animal / in vitro / in silico). Case reports, narrative reviews, and animal, cell or computer-model studies give the weakest evidence for human health.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Irisin Enhances Osteoblast DifferentiationIn Vitro
- Glucocorticoids suppress Wnt16 expression in osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo
- Interaction between Schwann Cells and Osteoblasts In Vitro
- Administration of cinnamaldehyde promotes osteogenesis in ovariectomized rats and differentiation of osteoblast in vitro
- The Effect of the Major Components of Fructus Cnidii on Osteoblasts In Vitro
- Estrogen depletion alters osteogenic differentiation and matrix production by osteoblasts in vitro
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.