Mechanobiological Regulation of Alveolar Bone Remodeling: A Finite Element Study and Molecular Pathway Interpretation
Abstract
Background: Mechanical loading is a fundamental regulator of bone remodelling; however, the mechanotransduction mechanisms governing alveolar bone adaptation under tensile-dominant orthodontic loading remain insufficiently defined. In particular, the molecular pathways associated with tension-driven cortical modelling in the periodontal ligament (PDL)-bone complex have not been systematically interpreted in the context of advanced biomechanical simulations. Methods: A nonlinear finite element model of the alveolar bone-PDL-tooth complex was developed using patient-specific CBCT data. Three loading configurations were analysed: (i) conventional orthodontic loading, (ii) loading combined with corticotomy alone, and (iii) a translation-dominant configuration generated by the Bone Protection System (BPS). Pressure distribution, displacement vectors, and stress polarity within the PDL and cortical plate were quantified across different bone density conditions. The mechanical outputs were subsequently interpreted in relation to established mechanotransductive molecular pathways involved in osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Results: Conventional loading generated compression-dominant stress fields within the marginal PDL, frequently exceeding physiological thresholds and producing moment-driven root displacement. Corticotomy alone reduced local stiffness but did not substantially alter stress polarity. The BPS configuration redirected loads toward a tensile-favourable mechanical…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Irisin Enhances Osteoblast DifferentiationIn Vitro
- Glucocorticoids suppress Wnt16 expression in osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo
- Interaction between Schwann Cells and Osteoblasts In Vitro
- Administration of cinnamaldehyde promotes osteogenesis in ovariectomized rats and differentiation of osteoblast in vitro
- The Effect of the Major Components of Fructus Cnidii on Osteoblasts In Vitro
- Estrogen depletion alters osteogenic differentiation and matrix production by osteoblasts in vitro
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.