Effect of metformin and empagliflozin on adiponectin and leptin levels in rat model of hypo- and hyperthyroidism
Abstract
Abstract Leptin and adiponectin secreted by the adipose tissue act in conjunction with thyroid hormones. The adiponectin/leptin ratio is a strong biomarker for cardio-metabolic health. The interrelations between the thyroid gland and adipokines are not yet clear. This study investigated whether anti-diabetic drugs, Metformin and Empagliflozin, lead to changes in leptin, adiponectin and their ratio in an animal model of hypothyroidism; and whether the animal model of hyperthyroidism results in changes in adiponectin and leptin levels. Forty-five male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups for 8 weeks: group I (experimental hyperthyroidism), group II (experimental hypothyroidism) and group III (control). Hyperthyroidism was caused by Levothyroxine (300 μg/kg body weight), and hypothyroidism, by 10 mg/kg/day (1 mL/250 g) propylthiouracil in drinking water. Then, group I and II were subdivided into: Metformin treatment (350 mg/kg/per day), Empagliflozin treatment (10 mg/kg/d p.o) and a control group on a chow diet for another four weeks. The rats were sacrificed. Fasting plasma Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, fT3, fT4, leptin and adiponectin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The adiponectin/leptin ratio was calculated. The results showed higher plasma TSH, fT4 in the hypothyroid group than in the hyperthyroid group. Hypothyroid rats had increased leptin and decreased adiponectin concentration, suggesting disturbed metabolic functions independent of…
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