Empagliflozin-pretreated mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles facilitate cardiac repair via AGGF1
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Current treatment modalities can only reap a limited efficacy in reversing myocardial damage and promoting functional recovery in patients with myocardial infarction. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore new therapeutic approaches to enhance cardiac repair.
METHODS
MSCs were pretreated with empagliflozin to obtain EMPA-EVs, with non-pretreated MSC-EVs serving as controls. In vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of the two types of EVs on macrophage phenotypic transformation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and vascular endothelial cell lumen formation. In vivo experiments, a rat model of myocardial infarction was constructed, and EMPA-EVs, non-pretreated MSC-EVs, or phosphate-buffered saline were administered via myocardial injection. Post-treatment assessments included left ventricular ejection fraction, myocardial infarction area, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in myocardial tissue. In addition, AGGF1 was depleted in EMPA-EVs to observe their anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and pro-angiogenic effects.
RESULTS
Compared with non-pretreated MSC-EVs, EMPA-EVs increased the proportion of macrophages transforming into anti-inflammatory phenotypes, decreased the rate of apoptotic cardiomyocytes, and promoted the formation of vascular endothelial cell lumen. Animal experiments showed that the left ventricular ejection fraction of rats in the EMPA-EVs group was higher than that in the control group, the myocardial infarction area was…
Read the paper
Related studies
- Strategy for Mitigating DKA Risk in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes on Adjunctive Treatment with SGLT Inhibitors: A STICH Protocol
- Glucoraphanin: a broccoli sprout extract that ameliorates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance
- SGLT2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure: Targeted Metabolomics and Energetic Metabolism
- Mechanisms of blood pressure reduction with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors: beyond glycaemic control
- Decoding the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiac arrhythmias in heart failure
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.