Privacy at end of life in ICU: A review of the literature
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the issues surrounding privacy during death in ICU.
BACKGROUND: While the provision of ICU care is vital, the nature and effect of the potential lack of privacy during death and dying in ICUs have not been extensively explored.
DESIGN: A literature search using CINAHL and Pubmed revealed articles related to privacy, death and dying in ICU.
METHOD: Keywords used in the search were "ICU," "Privacy," "Death" and "Dying." A combination of these terms using Boolean operators "or" or "and" revealed a total of 23 citations. Six papers were ultimately deemed suitable for inclusion in the review and were subjected to code analysis with Atlas.ti v8 QDA software.
FINDINGS: The analysis of the studies revealed eight themes, and this study presents the three key themes that were found to be recurring and strongly interconnected to the experience of privacy and death in ICU: "Privacy in ICU," "ICU environment" and "End-of-Life Care".
CONCLUSIONS: Research has shown that patient and family privacy during the ICU hospitalisation and the provision of the circumstances that lead to an environment of privacy during and after death remains a significant challenge for ICU nurses. Family members have little or no privacy in shared room and cramped waiting rooms, while they wish to be better informed and involved in end-of-life decisions. Hence, death and dying for many patients takes place in open and/or shared spaces which is problematic in terms of both the level…
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