Associations between late pregnancy Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and offspring bone mass: a meta-analysis of the Southampton Women’s Survey (SWS) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is associated with reduced bone mineral density and may be influenced by pro‐inflammatory diets. We undertook an observational analysis of associations between late pregnancy energy‐adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E‐DII) scores and offspring bone outcomes in childhood. E‐DII scores (higher scores indicating pro‐inflammatory diets) were derived from food frequency questionnaires in late pregnancy in two prospective mother‐offspring cohorts: the Southampton Women's Survey (SWS) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). The mean (SD) offspring age at dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning was 9.2 (0.2) years. Linear regression was used to assess associations between E‐DII and bone outcomes, adjusting for offspring sex and age at DXA and maternal age at childbirth, educational level, pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI), parity, physical activity level, and smoking in pregnancy. Associations were synthesized using fixed‐effect meta‐analysis. Beta coefficients represent the association per unit E‐DII increment. In fully adjusted models (total n = 5910) late pregnancy E‐DII was negatively associated with offspring whole body minus head bone area (BA: β = −3.68 [95% confidence interval −6.09, −1.27] cm2/unit), bone mineral content (BMC: β = −4.16 [95% CI −6.70, −1.62] g/unit), and areal bone mineral density (aBMD: β = −0.0012 [95% CI −0.0020, −0.0004] g.cm−2/unit), but there was only a weak association with BMC adjusted for…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 5,910 participants or records.
Read the paper
Related studies
- Erratum to: The National Osteoporosis Foundation’s position statement on peak bone mass development and lifestyle factors: a systematic review and implementation recommendations
- Association between obesity and risk of fracture, bone mineral density and bone quality in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Dietary Patterns in Relation to Low Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Association of obesity with bone mineral density and osteoporosis in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Falls, fractures, and areal bone mineral density in older adults with sarcopenic obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
- Exercise training and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies with emphasis on potential moderators
Go deeper in Evidence Hub
Evidence Hub adds a study data sheet (design, sample size, evidence level, key numbers), an AI summary and a chat grounded in the paper's text.