Effects of high‑intensity interval training on physical function and quality of life in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Despite advances in screening and treatment that have improved five-year survival, patients often experience weight gain, reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, metabolic disturbances, and impaired quality of life during or after therapy. Moderate‑intensity continuous training (MICT) is effective but time‑consuming, while high‑intensity interval training (HIIT) offers a time‑efficient alternative that may provide greater cardiopulmonary stimulation. However, evidence on its effects on body composition, quality of life, and inflammatory markers in breast cancer patients remains inconclusive.
Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases was conducted up to July 31, 2025 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing HIIT with MICT or usual care (UC) in women aged ≥ 18 years diagnosed with breast cancer. Eligible interventions involved HIIT, while control groups received MICT or UC. The primary outcome was peak oxygen uptake (VO₂peak), reflecting cardiorespiratory fitness, and quality of life, whereas secondary outcomes included body composition, and the inflammatory marker interleukin‑6(IL‑6). Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and fixed or random‑effects models were applied according to heterogeneity levels.
Results: A total of ten randomized controlled…
How strong is the evidence?
Evidence Hub reads this as a meta-analysis, done in people. Its evidence level is 1 of 5 (Highest · pooled evidence). Pooled evidence from several studies sits at the top of the evidence pyramid. Reported size: 330 participants or records.
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