The Relationship Between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Oxidative Stress, Trimethylamine N-Oxide, and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and intestinal microbiota metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels, systemic inflammation markers, and oxidative stress parameters in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Methods: MASLD patients whose fatty liver and fibrosis severity were determined with FibroScan and a healthy control group were included in the study. In addition to the routine biochemical parameters, serum TMAO levels, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α), and oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde, glutathione, and MDA/GSH ratio) of all participants were measured. In comparing these parameters between fibrosis groups, adjustment for potential confounding variables (age, BMI, sex, comorbidity, relevant medication use, MEDAS score, and physical activity) was performed. Following anthropometric evaluations, the adherence levels of the participants to the Mediterranean diet were determined by the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screening Scale (MEDAS), and their physical activity levels were determined through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Results: Individuals diagnosed with MASLD had significantly lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet and lower physical activity levels compared with healthy controls. Among the inflammatory parameters, IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the…
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