Empagliflozin induced diabetes ketoacidosis: a review of literature
Abstract
Abstract Background Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 inhibitors have been proven to have positive effects on blood glucose control and decrease major atherosclerosis cardiac and renal outcomes. Diabetic ketoacidosis and genitourinary infections are two major side effects of this class. Hyper-, normo- or hypoglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis has been reported with SGLT2is. In this study, we report two cases of empagliflozin-associated diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Aim in this narrative review we summarized cases of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 inhibitors associated diabetes ketoacidosis. First, we described two cases of empagliflozin induced diabetes ketoacidosis. Method Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library, and Google scholar were searched for eligible reports during February 2022. Results A review on etiology, signs, symptoms, laboratory data, and treatments for diabetic ketoacidosis associated sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors are provided here. Conclusion Early recognition, good past medical history taking, discontinuation before/during invasive procurers and acute illness, appropriate fluid and insulin replacement therapy are cornerstones of treatment.
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