Changes in epidemiology and antibiotic resistance patterns isolated from paediatric urinary tract infections: a multicenter study in China pre-, during and post-COVID-19
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of urinary tract infections in children in Chongqing area and to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A multicenter retrospective surveillance study was carried out from 2019 to 2024 at four hospitals of the Southwest China Pediatric Laboratory Specialty Alliance. The results were interpreted by the breakpoint criteria recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M100-S34 guidelines from 2024.
A total of 5618 urine isolates included Gram-negative (71.0%) and Gram-positive bacteria (29.0%) in 53.9% of male and 46.1% of female samples.
E. coli
was the most frequently detected pathogen in children of all ages and gender and levels were greatest for the 4 to 6 year age group (45.7%). Additionally, gender (p = 0.4083) had no significant association with the type of bacterial pathogen isolated, but the six most prevalent isolates grouped by gender displayed significant differences. Resistance of
E. coli
to sulbactam/ampicillin, amikacin, gentamicin and nitrofurantoin displayed a downward trend with time. The average resistance of
E. coli
to carbapenems was < 6% and resistance levels trended upward with time. In contrast, the average resistance of
K. pneumoniae
to carbapenems was >12% and decreased with time while resistance to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and nitrofurantoin significantly increased with time.Compared to the…
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