Combinational effect of curcumin and metformin against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity: Involvement of antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic pathway
Abstract
Gentamicin (GM) is an antibiotic related to aminoglycoside group that is used in treating Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, treatment with gentamicin is considered to be limited as it induces an oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in kidney which causes a nephrotoxicity. Metformin is a well-known biguanide that is used for treating diabetes mellitus, especially type 2. Supplement with plant metabolites or natural antioxidants produce a protective activity against many types of diseases in vivo. Curcumin is a main medicinal constituent of Curcuma longa, has reported for number of biological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor. The study aims at evaluating the metformin and curcumin alone or in combination on nephrotoxicity induced by GM. The outcome of the study shows that both metformin and curcumin, when used unaided, were effectively decreasing GM-induced nephrotoxicity. The two drugs combination was showed synergistic effect in ameliorating a GM-induced kidney injury, as supported by expressively improved renal dysfunction. Metformin and curcumin showed strong protection against oxidative stress in GM treated animals through decreasing the activities and expression of various antioxidative enzymes. Moreover, combination of two drugs showed an anti-inflammatory response through reducing a level of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1-beta, and interleukin 6 in GM intoxicated group of animals.…
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