Effectiveness of Levofloxacin Eye Drops – A Microbiological Perspective
Abstract
Levofloxacin is a later-generation antibacterial agent of the fluoroquinolone class that exhibits a broad spectrum of in vitro activity.It has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of a wide range of community-and hospital-associated infections. 1 This review presents a microbiological perspective of the use of levofloxacin for topical treatment of bacterial external ocular infections, presenting in vitro, pharmacokinetic and clinical trials data.Levofloxacin eye drops were launched in several European countries in 2002.The widespread use of levofloxacin in ophthalmology can be attributed to its appropriate antibacterial spectrum and good corneal penetration.The main indications for treatment are bacterial blepharitis and conjunctivitis, bacterial keratitis -especially when associated with contact lenses -and endophthalmitis, where it is provided as an additional therapeutic agent.Furthermore, levofloxacin eye drops are used as prophylaxis to reduce the bacterial conjunctival flora prior to intraocular surgery.In a healthy eye the conjunctival bacterial flora primarily consists of Staphylococcus spp.(mainly S. epidermidis), Corynebacterium spp.and, to a lesser degree, Streptococcus spp.and various Gram-negative rods. 2 The predominant bacterial organisms isolated from patients with acute bacterial conjunctivitis are S. aureus, S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, the latter being frequently recovered from children.3,4 S. aureus is also considered the…
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